The management of tics.
نویسندگان
چکیده
A tic is a stereotyped repetitive involuntary movement or sound, frequently preceded by premonitory sensations or urges. Most tic disorders are genetic or idiopathic in nature, possibly due to a developmental failure of inhibitory function within frontal-subcortical circuits modulating volitional movements. Currently available oral medications can reduce the severity of tics, but rarely eliminate them. Botulinum toxin injections can be effective if there are a few particularly disabling motor tics. Deep brain stimulation has been reported to be an effective treatment for the most severe cases, but remains unproven. A comprehensive evaluation accounting for secondary causes, psychosocial factors, and comorbid neuropsychiatric conditions is essential to successful treatment of tic disorders.
منابع مشابه
The impact of technological innovation capabilities on competitive performance of Iranian ICT firms
Recently many researches have studied technological innovation capabilities (TICs) and their impacts on firm’s competitive performance in the field of manufacturing industries. This paper pursued Yam et al. (2004) framework to study the relevance of TICs and firm's competitive performance in a mainly-service-based industry in Iran (ICT). Empirical data were collected through a questionnaire from...
متن کاملThe Role of Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathway in Anti-cancer Effect of Rolipram on Glioblastoma Multiforme: An In Vitro Study
Introduction: The mechanism of putative cytotoxicity of 4-[3-(cyclopentyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-pyrrolidone (rolipram), a specific phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is almost unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in the cytotoxic effect of rolipram on human GBM U87 MG cell line and tumor-initiating cells (TICs) ...
متن کاملنقش سوگ آسیب شناختی و بهنجار در شیوع اختلالهای روانی نوجوانان
For the purpose of studying the effects of pathological and normal grief on the prevalence of mental disorders among adolescents. 164 intermediate and highschool students were administered a grief inventory and a questionnarire assessing mental disorders. Among the study group 83 students had experienced the death of one of their family members (mostly fathers), and 81 did not have such experie...
متن کاملTics in the Pediatric Population: Pragmatic Management
BACKGROUND Primary tic disorders, notably Tourette syndrome, are very common movement disorders in childhood. However, the management of such patients still poses great therapeutic challenges to medical professionals. METHODS Based on a synthesis of the available guidelines published in Europe, Canada, and the United States, coupled with more recent therapeutic developments, the authors provi...
متن کاملسندرم توره
Tics are involuntary, sudden rapid, recurrent, non-rhytmic, and stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations. Tics may be transient or persistent. They often cause impairment in social, inter personal, educational, and vocational functions of people. Tic disorders may be accompanied by distractibiliy, impulsivity, restlessness, and obsessive – compulsive symptoms. Tourette's disorder is one of ...
متن کامل[Gilles de la tourette syndrome: clinical spectrum and management].
OBJECTIVE To present the current concepts of the clinical phenomenology and natural history of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS), differential diagnosis with other involuntary movements, its pathogenesis and current management. DEVELOPMENT GTS is a disorder characterized by a spectrum of both motor and sonic tics, and a spectrum of behavioral disorders. There is not a biological marker tha...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society
دوره 24 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2009